The torch angle refers to the orientation of the welding torch relative to the workpiece.
It influences how heat and filler material are applied to the joint, affecting the overall quality.
There are two types of torch angles to control during robotic welding:
Work Angle:
The angle of the torch relative to the axis perpendicular to the joint.Travel Angle:
The angle of the torch in relation to the direction of welding.
Appropriate Work Angle
The correct work angle depends on the type of joint being welded. The recommended values for each joint type are:
| Joint Type | Work Angle Recommendation |
|---|---|
| Fillet Joint (T-Joint) | 45° |
| Lap Joint | 60° |
| Edge Joint | 90° |
| Corner Joint | 45° |
| Butt Joint | 90° |
Appropriate Travel Angle
The travel angle can be up to 10° to 15°. Depending on the intentions, the user might want to incline the torch in this direction.
Leading (Push) Angle:
The torch is tilted forward, in the direction of welding. Use a leading angle for deeper penetration, thicker materials, better arc stability and faster travel speeds.Trailing (Pull) Angle:
The torch is tilted backward, opposite the direction of welding. Use a trailing angle this angle for thinner materials, to reduce spatter, to control heat input, and when working with overlapping joints.